HISTORICAL TIMELINE
1561: King Philip II of Spain forbids Spanish settlements in Florida (USA)
1806: Lewis and Clark return to St. Louis (Missouri) from the Pacific Northwest
1845: The first baseball team, the New York Knickerbockers, organizes and adopts a rulebook, known as the Knickerbocker Rules
1846: Johann Gottfried Galle and Heinrich d'Arrest discover Neptune
1875: Billy the Kid is arrested for the first time and jailed after receiving clothing stolen from a Chinese laundry but escapes two days later
1889: Nintendo Koppai (later Nintendo Company, Limited) is founded by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce and market the playing card game Hanafuda
1897: First Frontier Days Rodeo Celebration in Cheyenne, Wyoming (USA)
1907: Proclamation sets the fineness and weight of silver and bronze coins of Canada
1908: University of Alberta (Canada) opens
1911: United States Post Office department designates Earl Ovington "Official Air Mail Pilot #1"
1913: French aviator Roland Garros (24) is the first to fly over the Mediterranean Sea from Frejus, France to Bizerre, Tunisia, completing the non-stop flight in 7 hours and 53 minutes
1923: 80,000 demonstrate in Amsterdam against the Fleet Law
1925: George Kauffman's "Butter and Egg Man" premieres in New York City, New York (USA)
1932: Abdulaziz Ibn Saud merges the Kingdom of Nejd and Hejaz into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
1933: MLB New York Yankees commit 5 errors (three by shortstop Frankie Crosetti) but beat the Red Sox 16-12 at Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts (USA)
1938: Time capsule to be opened in the year 6939 is buried at the World's Fair in New York City (New York, USA); it contains a woman's hat, a man's pipe and 1,100 feet of microfilm
1941: The first gas murder experiments are conducted at Auschwitz concentration camp
1949: MLB Cleveland Indians owner Bill Veeck holds a funeral service to bury the 1948 pennant
1950: U.S. Air Force Mustangs accidentally bomb British forces on Hill 282 in Korea, resulting in 17 deaths
1952: First closed circuit pay TV telecast of a sports event
1952: U.S. vice-presidential candidate Richard Nixon makes his "Checkers Speech," dedicating the gift of a cocker spaniel named Checkers to his daughters
1955: All-male, all-white jury finds Ray Bryant and John William Milam not guilty of the brutal murder of Black teenager Emmett Till in Sumner, Mississippi (USA) in a landmark case that helps inspire the civil rights movement in the U.S.; the two later sell an interview admitting to the murder
1962: ABC's first color TV series "The Jetsons," created by Hanna-Barbera premieres
1969: Northern Star, the student newspaper for Northern Illinois University, starts rumors that Paul McCartney is dead
1977: Cheryl Ladd replaces Farrah Fawcett on the TV show "Charlie's Angels"
1980: Reggae legend Bob Marley's final concert at Stanley Theatre in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (USA)
1984: NFL San Francisco 49ers quarterback Joe Montana misses his first start in 49 games
1986: Congress selects the rose as the U.S. national flower
1992: Bradlee's announces it will take over Alexander's department stores in New York City, New York (USA)
1992: Jackson Browne reportedly beats girlfriend Daryl Hannah
1992: Manon Rheaume becomes the first female to play in an NHL exhibition game as she plays goalie for the Tampa Bay Lightning, allowing 2 goals on 9 attempts in one period
1994: "The Shawshank Redemption," directed by Frank Darabont and starring Tim Robbins and Morgan Freeman, is released
1997: Seattle Mariners break record for most home runs in a year (258)
2002: First version of the web browser Mozilla Firefox, dubbed Phoenix 0.1, released to the public
2003: Crime drama "NCIS," starring Mark Harmon, Michael Weatherly, Pauley Perrette, and David McCallum, premieres on CBS in the United States
2012: Iran blocks the use of Google as a search engine
2012: Scientists discover four genetically distinct types of breast cancer
2017: U.S. President Donald Trump withdraws invitation to the White House for NBA champions Golden State Warriors after Stephen Curry says he doesn't want to attend
2018: 39 year old New Orleans Saints quarterback Drew Brees throws a 17 yard pass to Michael Thomas to become the NFL career pass leader, breaking Brett Favre's record of 6,300 completions; Saints beat Falcons 43-37
2018: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi launches "Modicare," a free healthcare program for 500 million people, the world's largest healthcare initiative
2018: Mud volcano Otman-Bozdag erupts near Baku, Azerbaijan, sending smoke and flames 300 meters (980 feet) high and creating cracks 40 meters (131 feet) deep
2019: 178 year old British travel company Thomas Cook goes into liquidation, stranding 600,000 travelers worldwide and prompting the largest postwar repatriation effort by the United Kingdom's government
2019: U.S. police officer is fired after arresting two 6 year old children at a school on charges of misdemeanor battery in Florida (USA)
2020: Kentucky grand jury indicts only one of 3 officers for wanton engagement for shooting unarmed Breonna Taylor in Louisville, Kentucky (USA)
2021: The Biden administration and EPA introduce the first regulation against greenhouse gases, reducing hydrofluorocarbons by 85% in 15 years
2022: U.S. President Joe Biden awards British singer Elton John with National Humanities Medal
FAMOUS BIRTHDAYS
63 BC: Augustus Caesar, first Roman emperor (27 BC - 14 AD), born in Rome, Roman Republic (Italy)
1920: Mickey Rooney, prolific American actor known for his versatile performances in over 300 films spanning nearly nine decades born in Brooklyn, New York (USA) (d. 2014)
1930: Ray Charles, known as "The Genius," and a pioneering American singer songwriter and pianist who revolutionized the soul music genre in the 1950's born in Albany, Georgia (USA)
1949: Bruce Springsteen, known as "The Boss," and a legendary American rock singer songwriter and guitarist born in Long Beach, New Jersey (USA)
1959: Jason Alexander [Jay Scott Greenspan], American actor and comedian known for his role in Seinfeld as George Costanza, born in Newark, New Jersey (USA)
1970: Ani DiFranco [Angela Maria DiFranco], American-Canadian singer songwriter born in Buffalo, New York (USA)
NOTABLE DEATHS
1823: Elizabeth Kortright Monroe, first lady of the United States (1817-25) as the wife of the 5th President James Monroe, dies at 62
1939: Sigmund Freud, Austrian neurologist and father of psychology, dies at 83
2019: Robert Hunter, American lyricist and singer songwriter (Grateful Dead), dies at 78
NATIONAL DAYS/HOLIDAYS/
INTERNATIONALLY OBSERVED DAYS
National Teal Talk Day
National Snack Stick Day
National Great American Pot Pie Day
National Checkers Day
Dogs in Politics Day
Restless Legs Awareness Day
Celebrate Bisexuality Day
Innergize Day - day after the Autumnal Equinox
Redhead Appreciation Day
Za'atar Day
International Day of Sign Language
National Field Marketer's Day
Education Technology Day
National Apple Cider Vinegar Day
National AFM Day
Go With Your Gut Day
National Voter Registration Day
Ontario Garlic Week
Friendship Month - September
National Piano Month
National Honey Month